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In the Footsteps of F. Scott Fitzgerald

By Betsy Wuebker 29 Comments

(Last Updated On: March 6, 2020)

Frequenting St. Paul’s historic Cathedral Hill neighborhood always makes me feel that I am walking in the footsteps of F. Scott Fitzgerald.

St. Paul’s historic Cathedral Hill is one of my most favorite neighborhoods in the Twin Cities. Because I’ve always lived on the Minneapolis side, it seems like a visit to another world, even though it’s a just a short drive across the Mississippi River. Frequenting Cathedral Hill’s side streets and shops, and tarrying in the restaurants and watering holes located in its vintage buildings always makes me feel that I am walking in the footsteps of F. Scott Fitzgerald.

in the footsteps of f. scott fitzgerald

Photo Credit: citydata.com

Cathedral Hill is situated on a bluff overlooking downtown St. Paul, dominated by the majestic dome and imposing edifice of the National Shrine of the Apostle Paul. Archbishop John Ireland (don’t you love that name?) commissioned French Beaux Arts architect Emmanuel Louis Masqueray (who’d worked on the 1904 St. Louis World’s Fair) to build a centerpiece for the Archdiocese. Construction began in 1906 and was completed in 1915. It was during this time that the neighborhood began to flourish, although it had been a place of elegance and grandeur from the mid-19th century on.

in the footsteps of f. scott fitzgerald

Photo Credit: Wikipedia

When my brother visited Minnesota, we decided upon a whim to go inside the Cathedral, and were fortunate to tag along on a tour already in progress. Spellbinding details were woven into historical, religious and humorous context by the tour guide, an elderly woman who clearly was in love with her work. The French Renaissance interior is filled with gilt, marble statuary, stained glass windows, intricate carvings and glorified not only by ornament but its immense, yet intimate, proportions. It is impossible to depict how large this building is with photographs, but its detail will remind you of the places, like the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris, which inspired its designers and artisans.

Legend has it that one of the city’s most prominent citizens, James J. Hill, was unhappy that the Cathedral next door eventually overshadowed the grandeur of his personal residence not only in expense, but proximity to heaven. Closer to God is the mighty dome of the Archbishop instead of the railroad baron. Perhaps as it should be, no? In the photograph you can see the multi-chimneyed abode of Mr. Hill made modest.

in the footsteps of f. scott fitzgerald

Photo Credit: Ramsey Hill Association

Cathedral Hill began to be developed in the 1850s. It is also known as Summit Hill, after the main Avenue on which wealthy citizens built residential monuments to themselves. These addresses literally looked down on St. Paul’s crass commercial district and their less fortunate neighbors in the flats leading to the river’s edge. But Cathedral Hill’s glory days may very well have occurred during the Jazz Age of the 1920’s and 30’s.

in the footsteps of F. Scott Fitzgerald

Photo Credit: Wikipedia

One of St. Paul’s favorite literary sons, F. Scott Fitzgerald, immortalized this insular world in his stories and novels.  Who couldn’t love The Great Gatsby from its first few pages, evocative as it is of something close to deja vu in sepia tones of forced gaiety and underlying melancholy? Just like the lace-curtained windows on Laurel or Ashland that provide only glimpses of the lives contained within, nostalgia renders Cathedral Hill’s literary portrait.  “That’s my Middle West,” Nick Carraway tells us.  “. . . the street lamps and sleigh bells in the frosty dark and the shadows of holly wreaths thrown by lighted windows on the snow.”

in the footsteps of F. Scott Fitzgerald

Photo Credit: W. A. Frost

Early in our relationship, Pete and I spent a romantic evening at a table for two next to the fireplace at W. A. Frost and Company, at the corner of Selby and Western in Cathedral Hill. We’d stumbled and slid through snowbanks into a bar that seemed bathed in Carraway’s golden light, and proceeded into a dining room made intimate and mellowed by woodgrain, oriental carpets, and vintage brick.

in the footsteps of F. Scott Fitzgerald

Photo Credit: W. A. Frost

As a boy, F. Scott, named after distant cousin Francis Scott Key before his poetry became famous as our national anthem, was sure to have had an ice cream soda here when it was the neighborhood drugstore.  The building is a handsome sandstone edifice in the Italian Renaissance style, ornamented with copper cornices. Its original tin ceilings gleam in candleglow.

Blair ArcadeAcross the street to its west is the former Angus Hotel, dating from 1887, now refurbished as the Blair Arcade with shops and condominiums, including Garrison Keillor’s bookstore for a time. Scott’s mother, Molly, lived here after her husband’s death. The bay windows and turrets on the building are classic Queen Anne with wrought iron ornamentation. The Angus alternately deteriorated and rejuvenated in 20-year increments after WWII, and now is at the nexus of the neighborhood.

Commodore Full1On this visit, my girlfriends and I headed to Cathedral Hill to shop at First Monday at The Commodore Hotel, which had been a temporary home to Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald in the fall and winter of 1921-22. Another of our friends was displaying her handmade jewelry at this shopping event and we were all excited to be there. While it might be cliche to suggest walking through the Commodore’s double doors was like stepping back in the footsteps of F. Scott Fitzgerald, it wasn’t a stretch to imagine a white-gloved doorman standing ready under the broad-striped canopy at our approach.

comm01zThe Commodore’s Art Deco bar (note: restored, refurbished and reopened in late 2015) is a perfectly preserved example of the clean lines, mirrors and gilding with which the style purveyed swank and sophistication, and still harbors the speakeasy’s secret door to a hidden crawlspace where the booze was stashed.  To replenish the bar these days, the bartenders go on hands and knees into the same closet, deftly passing bottles back toward the waiting hands of their accomplices.  I ordered a cosmopolitan martini and wished I could have a cigarette, although I haven’t smoked in years.

commodoreThe Commodore’s details set the mood back to the Roaring 20s and 30s in an instant. Little had they changed in the intervening decades, as evidenced by vintage photos. Tile, mirror, lighting fixtures, and even the whimsical painting on the ladies room door harkened toward that time, which has always seemed so familiar.

What is it, I am wondering in this month of ghosts, about those who frequented these places? They seem so vivid to me. Not individually do they manifest, but instead they inhabit an overall mood woven from threads of expectation, glamor, hope, and tragedy. Was life more intense then?  It sometimes seems to me so. Have I lived a past life during this time? Perhaps.

f scott and zelda

Photo Credit: Wikipedia

The newly wed Fitzgeralds embarked on an opulent lifestyle from which Scott drew many of the plot lines in his literature, creating financial difficulties that would plague him throughout his life. After being asked to leave the Commodore and getting kicked out of the University and White Bear Yacht Clubs for wild parties, they relocated to Paris and the French Riviera, where they became friendly with other ex-pats, including Ernest Hemingway. This extravagant and worldly way of living accommodated Fitzgerald’s alcoholism and his wife’s flamboyance.

ma barker

Photo Credit: Wikipedia

The vestiges of The Lost Generation lived on at The Commodore long after the Fitzgeralds did, mutating into the gangster days of the late 1920’s and throughout the 1930’s.  In John Dillinger Slept Here, we learn that Ma Barker occupied Apartments 215 to 221 starting in 1933, using an alias.  Her son, Fred, moved in, too, and brought his girlfriend, but, according to a 1936 FBI report, on mother’s orders the girl was ensconced in Apartment 404.  Nonetheless, the FBI went on, Ma Barker made the girl’s life “miserable.”

Other scofflaws besides the garden variety Jazz Babies and small-time hoodlums who holed up at the Commodore were Alvin Karpis, Al Capone, and train robber Jimmy Keating.  Karpis hooked up with the Barker gang about this time to kidnap William Hamm, one of the scions of the St. Paul brewing dynasty, netting the princely sum of $100,000 in ransom.  Next, they doubled their money with Edward Bremer, of the banking family, whose father was a friend of Franklin D. Roosevelt.  Residents of the Commodore lived fast and furious.  Things were all over for the Barker gang by 1935, with everyone either dead or captured.  The Commodore declined, particularly after the second World War, along with the neighborhood.

This was all long after young Scott came of age in the shadow of the construction of the magnificent Cathedral.  The cohesiveness of the neighborhood must have impressed the boy as representing haven and strength.  Edward Fitzgerald was fortunate to have “married up” into local McQuillan wealth and Social Register standing.  Whenever he fell upon hard times, and he frequently and inevitably did, the family returned to the financial safety of one of his mother-in-law’s houses in Cathedral Hill.

in the footsteps of f. scott fitzgerald
697 Laurel Avenue Photo Credit: Zillow.com
in the footsteps of f. scott fitzgerald
599 Summit Avenue Photo Credit: Zillow.com

The sense of stability and place permeating Fitzgerald’s work, according to Patricia Kane, in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s St. Paul: A Writer’s Use of Material, was more symbolic than actual. Fitzgerald’s family “lived always in houses on the periphery of the city’s ‘best’ residential district. Fitzgerald’s letter to a friend described himself as living:

‘In a house below the average
On a street above the average
In a room below the roof. . .’ “

while at 599 Summit Avenue, now listed on the National Register, and working on This Side of Paradise. It was here that he learned of his book’s acceptance for publication, which in turn prompted a renewed liaison with Zelda and led her to consent to marriage now that he was appropriately successful.

All Fitzgerald’s stories, Kane tells us, include men “whose expectations exceed their experiences.”   Another Minnesota writer, Sinclair Lewis, who also resided for a time at the Commodore, similarly immortalized in the character of Babbitt an “admiration for the energy of the city and the Ivy League athletes come home to business success.” Fitzgerald wrote of an ideal city, whose values and experiences were predictable and sturdy.

in the footsteps of f scott fitzgerald

Photo Credit: Wikipedia

The irony of this repetitive theme isn’t lost on someone who traces Fitzgerald’s transient life, his parents having lived at six addresses on and off Summit Avenue between 1908 and 1918 alone.  The newly wed Fitzgeralds lived at the Commodore in the fall of 1921, but also during that short period of less than a year, he and Zelda moved frequently between White Bear Lake and Cathedral Hill, most frequently as a result of eviction for the effects of wild parties they hosted.  By 1922, they were gone from Minnesota for good.

in the footsteps of f scott fitzgeraldIt was a beautiful Midwest autumn evening to walk through the neighborhood from the Commodore to W. A. Frost, where we friends were anticipating good food and wine.  We decided to meander a bit in the footsteps of F. Scott Fitzgerald on our way. Ambling west on Laurel, we admired beautiful examples of mid to late 19th-century architecture as the leaves fluttered from the trees and the streetlights came on. It wasn’t hard to imagine a young boy skipping down the street and glancing up at the different homes up and down the block, taking in the atmosphere in indelible imprints to be resurrected later in his writing.

Did he notice that these two beauties were twin duplexes? We wondered if they were painted in such detail during those years?

in the footsteps of f scott fitzgerald
in the footsteps of f scott fitzgerald
in the footsteps of f scott fitzgerald

Did he admire the detailed simplicity of this one or that one, or perhaps know the family who lived over there?  Would he and his playmates have scampered in the garden behind the hedge or opened the turquoise door on the spindled porch to beg a sweet treat from someone’s mother?

Cathedral Hill 0201At # 481 Laurel, one of a twin set called San Mateo Flats by its builder, Scott had been born in 1896, in the third-floor apartment at left. On this waning fall afternoon with the sunset filtered by buildings and trees, the golden lamplight such as Nick Carraway described in The Great Gatsby was glowing in the front flat like a beacon for a boy on his way home to dinner.

We turned on Mackubin northward toward Selby, and then east again. The streetlamps were lit, and the dome of the Cathedral rose up at the end of the street, the ever-present landmark that the boy saw on his way for an ice cream all those years ago.

So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.

in the footsteps of f scott fitzgeraldWe friends dined that lovely evening among the shadows of what had gone before. We spoke of our own hopes and dreams, laughed and confided in one another, all in the space of a few golden hours. Amid the quiet streets, we saw the romance and heard whispers of the past as the city settled in.  The days are shorter now and we will return again.

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Filed Under: History, Minnesota, Travel, USA

Comments

  1. hinda abrahamson says

    October 8, 2010 at 3:51 pm

    Betsy, how beautifully you captured an area that I, too, have always resonated to. Perhaps it is the combination of meloncholy and eternal hope for something more that lingers in the energy of this special area that touches us. It is so easy to be transported to a different time when you are there. It was a wonderful evening to share. Thank you!

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      October 9, 2010 at 4:38 pm

      Hi Hinda – Thank you, it was really fun, wasn’t it? Did you recognize yourself in the photo walking alongside the glassed-in area of the Blair Arcade? 🙂

      Reply
  2. Jannie Funster says

    October 9, 2010 at 2:21 pm

    What say me? I say all these pictures are gorgeous! The Commodore looks like a dreamy place, imagining all that jazz in the 20s and 30s.

    Oh, and that Cathedral? I didn’t know we had such majestic ones this side of the Atlantic.

    Really, really loved this tour of an author’s paradise, Betsy, thanks so much!

    xoxo

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      October 9, 2010 at 4:40 pm

      Hi Jannie – So glad you enjoyed it. I have to get better about remembering to caption the photos, some of which I get from the Apture plug-in. The ones at the end of the post of the individual houses are those I took the evening we were there. It is it’s own little world. Thank you.

      Reply
  3. Linda says

    October 10, 2010 at 7:24 pm

    Betsy,
    St. Paul is a beautiful city and you have so beautifully brought history “to life”. Thank you!

    Monday evening was a night of great friendship, great food, drink(s) and laughter. Can’t wait to do it again!

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      October 11, 2010 at 6:37 am

      Hi Linda – It was so fun getting to know more of you that evening as well. I am glad we are travel business colleagues and I am looking forward to our trip together at the end of this month, too! Welcome to PassingThru!

      Reply
  4. Amy says

    October 11, 2010 at 2:46 am

    A fabulous presentation – first class. You must have worked hard to bring together such an informative, well-written, and interesting article about a complicated life. Such beauty in each of the photographs. Well done!

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      October 11, 2010 at 6:40 am

      Hi Amy – Welcome to PassingThru! I’m happy you enjoyed the article. You’re right, Fitzgerald did have a complicated life. Once I had percolated my own visits to this neighborhood together, the Commodore and he became the warp and the weft to weave the story. Thank you for your kind comments, and we hope you will stick around. 🙂

      Reply
  5. Hilary says

    October 11, 2010 at 3:07 am

    Hi Betsy … this is wonderful – fabulous pictures and descriptions .. and one post (at least of yours) .. I need to come back to read .. as so much I don’t know about .. the people particularly .. the architectural variances your pictures showed.

    Love that mix .. the Cathedral .. the swamped view of the baron .. and the art nouveau .. the two comparisons .. all of it ..

    Glorious mix of information .. I need an afternoon to read, see, link across and learn more .. thanks – I must come back (sometime!) .. hugs Hilary

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      October 11, 2010 at 6:43 am

      Hi Hilary – Thank you! Glad you were intrigued enough to know more. It’s a lovely neighborhood and I know you would enjoy a real visit as well as a virtual one. Our history must seem so “young” by comparison to the UK. Thanks again.

      Reply
      • Hilary says

        October 11, 2010 at 7:51 am

        Hi Betsy .. you’re so right .. I’d love to visit real time!! & learn more .. I shall catch up one day I hope ..

        I think that’s one thing that’s quite difficult to explain .. when I lived in South Africa .. those inbuilt historical cultural vibes within .. that I relish so much & miss when they’re not here .. ie when I’m abroad ..

        Our history is as long as our arms I know .. but ours has that interlinking over time .. as does Europe .. and of course the tie is the English language now-a-days .. and the English speaking peoples from around the world from exploration days ..

        Thanks – you never know blue berry pies may entice one day?! Cheers to you both .. Hilary

        Reply
        • Betsy Wuebker says

          October 14, 2010 at 6:20 am

          Hi Hilary – I think I know what you mean about the cultural vibe. My friend and I were talking about it and she described it as a magnetism that creates a grounding effect – this was in the context of being in ancient, wilderness type places. It really is quite a powerful feeling, isn’t it?

          Reply
          • Hilary says

            October 14, 2010 at 6:56 am

            Hi Betsy .. you must feel that in your connections with the ancients as you explore your huge lands ..

            So – yes .. exactly that .. and no doubt our ancients are under foot .. but so many buildings and burial sites first to dig through ..

            Looking forward to the read .. sometime .. thanks – cheers Hilary

  6. Patricia says

    October 11, 2010 at 3:52 pm

    What lovely pictures and clear writing and sharing…I went on the Fitzgerald Walking tour when I was in High School and living in Cleveland, Ohio….My church youth group leader was so into reading novels to understand our theology and future lifestyles we went on lots of college and historic tours in our 2 years of being together…I was right back there in the midst of that fabulous experience which truly shaped my life.

    Thank you

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      October 11, 2010 at 8:56 pm

      Hi Patricia – What a wonderful opportunity that must have been. There’s something about being right there where they were, isn’t there? I got that kind of shiver when I saw Voltaire’s home in Paris, too. My mother was an English teacher and she was thrilled to be able to travel to England and tour Shakespeare’s world. Fun times! Thank you.

      Reply
  7. Patricia says

    October 11, 2010 at 9:50 pm

    I so wish to see Washington DC and all the museums one of these days, because although I was there a few times passing through on the train, I did not get to experience it – the same with Philadelphia…worked in New Hope but could not get any closer/well the airport 2 times! It is so wonderful to walk around and experience the adventure.

    I was wishing too that I wrote as well as you do today also…working on these grant proposals for Librarian Girls school, she has only pencils and paper to work with!!!, I just wished I wrote with this kind of detail and prose….I am back feeling the stress of being in school and fitting in exactly like THEY want it! You are such a fine writer. Thank you

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      October 14, 2010 at 6:18 am

      Hi Patricia – Thank you, again. I would like to visit Washington, D.C. as well. I did visit Philadelphia last year and really enjoyed a free day there all by myself. It is fun to wander slowly in historical places to imagine our heroes and heroines in them, too, isn’t it? I appreciate your kind compliments. It’s fun to do these posts when it’s a subject we love.

      Reply
  8. Anita @ No Particular Place To Go says

    February 1, 2016 at 7:52 am

    F.Scott Fitzgerald and his wife Zelda are the icons of the glamour and excesses of the jazz age and might be said to be good examples for the benefits of following the temperance movement as well! You did a great job, Betsy of making them come alive as well writing about where Fitzgerald’s roots were. Thanks for showing me a side of St. Paul that I didn’t know and for making this area come to life. Love the magnificent Cathedral as well as the grand old houses (palaces!) of the neighborhood.

    Reply
  9. Janice Chung says

    February 1, 2016 at 12:38 pm

    Such an interesting history in St. Paul’s! Yes, loving Paris, the Cathedral does remind me of Notre Dame. Thanks for sharing so much of a city and era that I was not familiar with. Walking tours are a great way of getting the background story on famous sites.

    Reply
  10. Carole Terwilliger Meyers says

    February 1, 2016 at 5:17 pm

    Would love to spend a day following the steps of F. Scott. I ‘d most like to visit Cathedral Hill.

    Reply
  11. noel says

    February 1, 2016 at 6:45 pm

    Wow, what a fascinating history and tour of the area, such magnificent architecture. Glad most of these still remain.

    Reply
  12. Kristin Henning says

    February 3, 2016 at 2:48 am

    Well, you are very brave crossing the river and immersing yourself in St. Paul. I hear some folks never return to Minneapolis. (We’re been straddling the border recently in the Prospect Park neighborhood.) Let’s get together at WA Frost’s for lunch some day!

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      February 5, 2016 at 4:18 am

      Hi Kristin – I had my passport ready to make the crossing! I really would love to live in this neighborhood, at least for a while, should we return to the Twin Cities. And yes, let’s make it a date! Perhaps this spring!

      Reply
  13. Shelley says

    February 3, 2016 at 7:12 pm

    Your post really brings the Cathedral Hill neighborhood to life, and the cathedral itself looks beautiful. I also imagine the 20s through a soft-focus golden filter. They seem romantic but crazy, as times were changing so fast. I didn’t know F. Scott Fitzgerald was from St. Paul.

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      February 5, 2016 at 4:19 am

      Hi Shelley – Yes, I’m probably over-romanticizing that time period, but there’s plenty of supporting lore to justify doing so! Thanks.

      Reply
  14. Irene S. Levine says

    February 4, 2016 at 7:56 pm

    What a wonderful story behind the stories. We once lived in Rockville, MD where F. Scott and Zelda are buried.

    Reply
    • Betsy Wuebker says

      February 5, 2016 at 4:21 am

      Hi Irene – Theirs is such a bittersweet story, isn’t it?

      Reply

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Aloha! We’re Betsy and Pete Wuebker. We traveled the world full time for close to four years and have visited almost 50 countries. If you’re a curious and thoughtful traveler, you’re in the right place. No matter if you’re new to travel or an old hand, we can help you refine your bucket list!

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